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An haifi marigayi Sheikh Ja'afar Mahmud Adam a garin Daura, a shekara ta 1962 Marigayi Sheikh Ja'afar ya fara karatunsa na allo a gidansu, a wurin mijin yayarsa, Malam Haruna, wanda kuma dan uwansu ne na jini. Daga nan kuma sai aka mayar da shi wajen wani Malam Umaru a wani gari wai shi Koza, kimanin kilomita 9 a arewa da Daura, wanda shi ma akwai dangantaka ta jini a tsakanin su, wanda kuma shi ne musabbabin zuwansa Kano. Bayan sun zo Kano ne tare da wannan malami nasa, a shekara ta 1971 (ko 1972), sai suka zauna a makarantar Malam Abdullahi, wanda asalinsa mutumin jamhuriyar Nijar ne, amma yake zaune a unguwar Fagge a Kano.
Tun kafin zuwansu Kano, tuni marigayi Sheikh Ja'afar ya riga ya fara haddar Alkur'ani mai girma, wanda ya kammala a shekara ta 1978. Bayan da Malam ya kammala haddar Alkur'ani mai girma, kasancewarsa mai sha'awar ilimi, sai ya shiga makarantu biyu a lokaci daya a shekara ta 1980. Ya shiga makarantar koyon Larabci ta mutanen kasar Misra a cibiyar yada al'adun kasar Misra, (Egyptian Cultural Centre), sannan kuma ya shiga makarantar manya da ba su yi boko ba ta Masallaci Adult Evening Classes, tunda a lokacin shekarunsa sun wuce shekaru na primary, amma duk da haka a wannan lokaci shi ne mafi kankanta a ajinsu. Haka ya rika yin wannan karatu guda biyu: Waccan makarantar ya je ta da daddare bayan sallar isha'i, waccan kuma ta koyo harshen larabcin da yamma.
Ya kammala wadannan makarantu a shekara ta 1983. Wannan kuma shi ya ba shi damar shiga makarantar GATC Gwale a shekara ta 1984, kuma ya kammala a shekara ta 1988. A shekara ta 1989, malam ya sami gurbin karatu a jami'ar musulunci ta Madinah, a inda ya karanta ilimin tafsiri da Ulumul Kur'an, wanda kuma ya kammala a shekara ta 1993. Sannan kuma Sheikh Ja’afar ya sami damar kammala karatunsa na digiri na biyu (Masters) a Jami’ar Kasa-Da-Kasa Ta Afrika da take Khartoum, Sudan.Sannan kuma, kafin rasuwarsa, ya riga ya yi nisa wajen karatunsa na digiri na uku, wato digiri da digirgir (PhD), a Jami’ar Usman Dan Fodiyo da take Sokoto.
Daga cikin malamansa na ilimi, akwai malaminsa na farko, mutumin kasar Masar, Sheikh Abdul-Aziz Ali al-Mustafa, da kuma Malam Nuhu a unguwar Dandago, wanda malam ya karanci ilimi fikihun malikiyya da wadansu littattafai na hadisi a gurinsa, da kuma Malam Muhammad Shehu, mutumin Lokoja, wanda Malam ya karanci nahawu da sarfu da balaga da adab a wajensa. Akwai kuma Sheikh Abubakar da sauransu.
Ya karantar da dubban Al'umma a nijeriya ya rasu Ranar 26 ga watan Rabi'ul Awwal 1428 dai dai da 13 ga watan afrilu 2007 malamin yarasu yabar mata biyu da 'ya'ya shida yayin da aka haifa masa na bakwai bayan kwanaki 58 dai dai bayan anyi masa kisan gilla fatawowin Sheikh Ja'afar Mahmud Adam sunci gaba da yaduwa fiye da lokacin da yake raye.